High college Chemistry aid » Acid-Base Chemistry » Acids and Bases » identify Acids and also Bases

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Explanation:

Acids space able to donate protons whereas bases can donate hydroxyl groups. The basic acid-base reaction will be a double-replacement reaction in i beg your pardon the proton of the mountain binds the hydroxide of thee base, and the cation that the base binds the anion that the mountain to kind a salt. The assets of this reaction space a salt and water. This is called a neutralization reaction.

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Explanation:

Every acid has a conjugate base and every base has a conjugate acid. For any acid, the conjugate basic is the negatively fee ion the is produced when the acid dissociates in solution.

Nitric acid dissociates in solution based on the following reaction:

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The nitrate ion, 

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, is produced following the dissociation the nitric acid. This method that the nitrate ion is the conjugate basic of nitric acid. 


Explanation:

A salt will certainly dissolve in water completely, existing together the individual ions that consist of the compound. These ions can be assumed of together the conjugate bases and also acids that an outcome from the dissociation of the reactant acids and also bases. If the conjugate acid of a weak base is present in the solution, then it will become deprotonated, release protons right into the water and also lowering the pH. Come answer this question, us are looking for a salt in which one of the ions created is a conjugate mountain of a weak base. Let"s look at a couple of examples in order to discover the appropriate answer:

1. 

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 will dissociate into sodium and fluoride ions. Salt is the metal found on salt hydroxide. Since sodium hydroxide is thought about a strong base, the salt ions will NOT affix to any kind of hydroxide ion in solution. Fluoride ions, on the various other hand, space the conjugate basic of hydrofluoric acid, a weak acid. This way that some of the fluoride ions will affix to proton in solution, properly raising the pH. This outcomes in a simple solution.

2. 

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 is an instance of a salt the will an outcome in a neutral solution. Because lithium ion come native the strong base lithium hydroxide, and bromide ions come indigenous the strong acid hydrobromic acid, neither of these ions will certainly be affiliated in one acid/base reaction. This outcomes in a systems with a pH that 7.

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 has two ions: ammonium ions and also chloride ions. Chloride ions are the conjugate basic of hydrochloric acid, a very strong acid. Ammonium ions, however, room the conjugate acid of ammonia, a weak base. This method that few of the ammonium ion will become deprotonated, and release protons into the solution. This results in one acidic solution.