| AB | |
| a natural, inorganic, crystalline solid.I | |
| Inorganic | is a substance the is not made up of living points or the remains of living things. You are watching: The ratio of silicon to oxygen atoms in silicate minerals depends on: |
| Two main team of minerals | silicate minerals and also nonsilicate minerals |
| Silicate Minerals | All of this minerals contain atoms of silicon(Si) and also oxygen (O) |
| Quartz | consist of just silicon and oxygen atoms |
| Fedlspars | most common silicate minerals counts on which steel combines v the silicon and oxygen atoms. |
| Orthoclase | results when metal is potassium (K) |
| Plagioclase | forms once the metal is sodium(Na), calcium(ca) or both |
| Silicate minerals do up | 96% the the earth's crust |
| Fedlspar and quartz do up more than | 50 % the the crust |
| Nonsolicate minerals make up | 4 % of the the the earth's crust |
| nonsilicate minerals are classified into 6 major groups | carbonates, halides, indigenous elements, oxides, sulfates, and sulfides |
| Carbonates | example is Dolomite or a Calcite |
| Halides | example is Halite or a Fluorite |
| Native Elements | example is Silver and Copper |
| Oxides | Example is Corundum and also a Hematite |
| Sulfates | example is a Gypsum and also an Anhydrite |
| Sulfieds | Example is a Galena and a Pyrite |
| For every 1 silcon, over there are | 2 oxygens |
| Most common minerals room called | rock-forming minerals |
| Crystal | natural hard with specify internal pattern |
| Isolated Tetrahedral Silicates and Ring Silicates | contains silicon-oxygen tetrahedra that are connected only by atoms of aspects other 보다 silicon and osygen. For example olivine |
| Single-chain Silicates | made increase of minerals dubbed pyroxenes |
| Double-chain Silicates | mineral made up of amphiboles |
| Sheet Silicates | shares three (O) atoms |
| Framework silicate | bonded come 4 bordering tetrahedra |
| mineralogists | Earth scientist that conduct test through special tools to properly recognize minerals |
| Characteristics the Color | weathered surface my hide the color of minerals, or a an extremely smalll lot of details elements my greatly affect the color |
| Charct. That Luster | Light reflect from the surface ar you have pearly luster |
| Charct. That Streak | powdered form |
| Charct. Of Cleavage and Fracture | split quickly along particular flat surface |
| Charct. The Harness | mineral resisting scratching |
| Mohs hardness scale | determines one unknown mineral byscratching it against the mineral on this scale |
| Charct. Of crystal Shape | forms in among six simple shapes |
| Crystal Systems | Six basic Systems |
| Isometric or cubic System | Thress Axes the equal size intersect at 90 level angles. (Galena) |
| Triclinic system | Three axes that unequal length are oblique come one another (Turquoise) |
| Hexagonal System | Three horizontal axes of the same size intersect at 120 level angles. Verticle axis is no longer o much shorter than the horizontal axes.(Quartz) |
| Orthorhombic System | Three axes that unequal length intersect at 90 level angles. ( Olivine) |
| Monoclinic system | Three axes of uneven length, 2 intersect in ~ 90 level angles. The 3rd axis is oblique come the others.(Micas) |
| Tetragonal System | Three axes crossing at 90 level angles. Two horiz. Axes space of same length. The verticle axis is much longer or shorter than the horizontal axes. (Zircon) |
| Density Ratio | d =M/V 85g/34cm = 2.5g/cm |
| Properties the Minerals | Magnetism, Flourescence and also Phosphorescence, double Refraction, Radioactivity |
| Magnetism | Lodestone is a kind of Magnetite |
| Flourescence | minerals the absorb ultraviolet light and also then develop visible light of assorted colors. |
| Phosphorescence | Minerals that proceed to glow |
| Double Refraction | Crystals of calcite and some various other transparent mineral bending light in a together a method that they produce a double image of any type of object perceived through them |
| Radioactivity | Unstable nuclei decay over time into stable nuclei by realeasing particles of energy. |
| Metallic luster and also Nonmetallic luster | Two types of luster |
| A mineral | a natrual not natural crystalline solid with a characteristic chemistry composition |
| Silicate minerals | minerals the contain silicon and also oxygen |
| Feldspars | most typical silicate minerals |
| Silicate minerals | Ninety 6 percent the the earth's crust is do up |
| Silicon-oxygen tetrahedra | basic structural devices of every silicate minerals onsist of |
| Olivine | An instance of a mineral with a an easy structure consists of solitary tetrahedra attached by atoms of other elements |
| Souble chain silicate | when two solitary chains that tetrahedra shortcut to every other, the result is |
| Luster | the appearance of th elight reflect from the surface of a mineral |
| Luster | apprearance the the irradiate reflected native the surface of a mineral |
| Fracture | uneven and also splintery describes a minerals . . . |
| Hardness | is measure up by utilizing a Mohs scale |
| Density | the proportion of the fixed of a mineral to its volume is the mineral's . . . See more: Sorry, We Could Not Calculate Transit Directions From, Google Maps Not Working |
| Lodestone | the needles of the an initial magnectic compasses provided in navigating were do of the magnetic mineral |
| Fluorescence | When calcite absorbs ultraviolet light and also gives turn off red light, it is displaying the building of . . |
| Uranium | A mineral the is radioactive probably consists of the element |
| Calcite | Double refraction is a distinctive building of crystals of |
| Inspect a fresh exposed surface | to study a mineral for color |
 |